Brimstone is a resource mined by at least a stone hammer and only used to craft Steel Ingots. Once you hit level 40 you are able to craft them mixing Brimstone and Iron Ore using a furnace. Steel is a main ingredient for armour, weapons and buildings later in the game.
If you want to increase the income of ressources from mining, you will have to craft better tools. Check out this guide about tools to be more efficient in Myth Of Empires.
Brimstone looks like a white rock with yellow/golden parts (image below) and you can find it almost everywhere in the desert biom – but watch the heat – you will die quite fast unless you cool down yourself.
Reach level 45 to craft a wagon and a cart-mounted ice container. This will prevent you and your fellows from overheating on longer trips. Read on to learn how to farm Brimstone without reaching level 45.
A good place to mine Brimstone without a wagon and cart-mounted ice container is the area around the river between the snow biom and the desert (marked on the map below). You will need a horse. Buy or tame it and you will escape from any danger. Farm in peace since one side is not in the desert and the other side is close enough to the river. Go near to the water anytime to avoid overheating.
Kaolin Clay can be found right next to Brimstone Nodes. Its an important resource used to craft important items later in the game.
Keep in mind, the map is devided in different Level Zones. As further you go west the higher the level of npcs and animals will be.

[…] Brimstone Nodes can be found right next to Kaolin Clay Nodes. Its used to craft steel ingots, a important component to craft late game armour, weapons and buildings. […]